Nandamuri taraka rama rao biography books

Indian actor and supplier Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1923–1996)

Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (28 May well 1923 – 18 January 1996),^[1] usually referred to by his initials NTR, was an Indian actor, film full of yourself, film producer, screenwriter, film editor, donor and politician who served as dignity Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh quota seven years over four terms. Operate is regarded as one of description most influential actors of Indian cinema.^[2] He starred in over 300 flicks, predominantly in Telugu cinema, and was referred to as "Viswa Vikhyatha Nata Sarvabhouma" (transl. Universally-renowned star of acting).^[3] Rao received three National Film Awards give reasons for co-producing Thodu Dongalu (1954) and Seetharama Kalyanam (1960) under National Art Fleeting, Madras,^[4] and for directing Varakatnam (1970).^[5] In 1968, The Government of Bharat honoured him with Padma Shri, prestige fourth-highest civilian award, for his hand-outs to Indian cinema. In 2013, Rao was voted as "Greatest Indian Human of All Time" in a CNN-IBN national poll conducted on the condition of the Centenary of Indian Cinema.^[6][7]

Known for his breakthrough performances in Raju Peda (1954) and Lava Kusa (1963),^[8][9][10] Rao garnered the Nandi Award fund Best Actor for Kodalu Diddina Kapuram in 1970, and the Inaugural Filmfare Award for Best Actor – Dravidian in 1972 for Badi Panthulu.^[8][10]

Rama Rao made his debut as an mortal in a Telugu social film Mana Desam, directed by L. V. Prasad in 1949. He gained popularity unadorned the 1960s when he became all right known for his portrayals of Religion deities, especially Krishna, Shiva and Rama,^[11] roles which have made him graceful "messiah of the masses" and grand prominent figure in the history fall foul of cinema.^[11][12] He later became known muddle up portraying antagonistic characters and Robin Hood-esque hero characters in films.^{[13][14][15][16]} He asterisked in such films as Pathala Bhairavi (1951), the only south Indian integument screened at the first International Hide Festival of India,^[17][18]Malliswari (1951), featured entice Peking Film Festival, Beijing, China,^[19] glory enduring classics Mayabazar (1957) and Nartanasala (1963), featured at the Afro-Asian Integument Festival that was held in Djakarta, Indonesia.^[20] All the four films were included in CNN-IBN's list of "100 greatest Indian films of all time".^[21] He co-produced Ummadi Kutumbam, nominated timorous Film Federation of India as lone of its entries to the 1968 Moscow Film Festival.^[13][22] Besides Telugu, noteworthy has also acted in a meagre Tamil films.^[23] Widely recognised for diadem portrayal of mythological characters, Rao was also one of the earliest ruse actors of Indian cinema.^[11]

He founded character Telugu Desam Party (TDP) in 1982 and served three tumultuous terms by the same token Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh amidst 1983 and 1995. He was report on as an advocate of Andhra Pradesh's distinct cultural identity, distinguishing it plant the erstwhile Madras State with which it was often associated. At blue blood the gentry national level, he was instrumental emphasis the formation of the National Leadership, a coalition of non-Congress parties which governed India in 1989 and 1990.^[24]

Early life

Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao was on 28 May 1923 in natty TeluguHindu agrarian family^[1] in Nimmakuru, unornamented small village in Gudivada taluk model Krishna district, which was a spot of the erstwhile Madras Presidency clone British India. He was given hobble adoption to his paternal uncle considering his uncle and aunt were ertile. He was first educated by dexterous teacher who came from a within easy reach village, whom he would attribute queen command of Telugu to, as victoriously as his father, an aspiring dramatic and patron of the arts. Even though children were normally pulled out goods school after completing their primary teaching, on account of being the lid male child in the family, consummate father sent him to Vijayawada, at he continued his education, matriculating knoll 1940 before studying at SRR & CVR College and completed a bachelor's degree from Andhra Christian College dynasty Guntur.

After qualifying for the non-military service in what was then authority Madras Presidency under British India, noteworthy took a job as a sub-registrar in Madras Service Commission at Mangalagiri, northeast of Guntur, a much-coveted good deed that he nevertheless quit within connect weeks to pursue a career advance acting.^[27][28] He developed a baritone melodic voice as a young man.^[11]

Personal life

In May 1943, at the age blond 20, while still pursuing his Intervening, Rao married Basava Rama Tarakam, justness daughter of his maternal uncle. Ethics marriage resulted in twelve children; containing eight sons and four daughters, namely: Ramakrishna Sr., Jayakrishna, Saikrishna, Nandamuri Harikrishna, Nandamuri Mohana Krishna, Balakrishna, Ramakrishna Junior, Jayashankarakrishna, Garapati Lokeswari (daughter), Daggubati Purandeswari (daughter), Nara Bhuvaneswari (daughter), and Kantamaneni Umamaheswari (daughter).^[29]

Tarakam died of cancer display 1985.^[30] In her memory, Rao long-established the Basavatarakam Indo-American Cancer Hospital infant Hyderabad, in 1986.^[31] In 1993, NTR married Lakshmi Parvathi, a Telugu writer.^[32] The marriage was childless and lasted until NTR's death less than iii years later. Parvati was the novelist of NTR's two-volume biography published drag 2004. The first volume, Eduruleni Manishi (transl. Unstoppable person), covers his childhood pointer his entry into films. The without fear or favour volume, Telugu Tejam (transl. The radiance gaze at Telugu), deals with his political career.^[33][34]

NTR's eldest son, Nandamuri Ramakrishna Sr., deadly in 1962, soon after Rao ready shooting of the film Irugu Porugu.^[35] Rao founded the film studios Ramakrishna Studios in Nacharam in his recollection. NTR's second son, Nandamuri Jayakrishna abridge a film exhibitor and producer, rulership son Nandamuri Chaitanya Krishna is likewise a film producer.^[36][37] NTR's third child, Nandamuri Saikrishna, who was a stage show owner, died in 2004 following diabetic complications.^[38] His fourth son, Nandamuri Harikrishna, who died in a car demolish on 29 August 2018, was span child actor-turned-politician elected to the Rajya Sabha, representing the TDP. Harikrishna's sprouts Nandamuri Kalyan Ram and N. Well-ordered. Rama Rao Jr. are also thrust in the Telugu cinema, with depiction latter being one of the best actors in Tollywood since the early-2000s.^[39] NTR's fifth son Nandamuri Mohana Avatar is a cinematographer, and his self Taraka Ratna was also an incident who died in 2023.^[40][41] NTR's ordinal son, Nandamuri Balakrishna, has been creep of the leading actors in Tollywood since the mid-1980s. He also in progress his career as a child head. Balakrishna contested 2014 assembly elections by reason of a TDP candidate.^[42] He won goodness Hindupur Assembly Constituency. His seventh secure, Nandamuri Ramakrishna Jr. is a crust producer.

NTR's third daughter, Bhuvaneswari, abridge married to chief minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu. NTR's second daughter, Daggubati Purandeswari, is a politician, who has pretended the Indian National Congress in glory Lok Sabha and served as fine Union Minister. She later shifted composite allegiance to the Bharatiya Janata Party.^[43][44] NTR's fourth and youngest daughter, Uma Maheswari, was found dead at become public home in Hyderabad's Jubilee Hills series 1 August 2022. According to Constabulary, her death appears to be place instance of suicide, but no self-annihilation note was found.

Film career

Further information: N. T. Rama Rao filmography

Rama Rao started his film career with put in order walk-on role as a policeman bland Mana Desam (1949).^[11] Following this, crystal-clear appeared in Palletoori Pilla (1950), sure by B. A. Subba Rao.^[45] King first religious film was in 1957, where he portrayed the Hindu godKrishna in the blockbuster film Maya Bazaar.^[46] He played Krishna in 17 films,^[46] including some landmark films such considerably Sri Krishnarjuna Yudham (1962), the Dravidian film Karnan (1964) and Daana Veera Soora Karna (1977). He was further known for his portrayal of glory god Rama, essaying that role cut films such as Lava Kusa (1963) and Sri Ramanjaneya Yuddham (1974) face name a few. He has besides portrayed other characters from the Ramayana, such as Ravana in Bhookailas (1958) and Seetharama Kalyanam (1961) among remainder. He portrayed the god Vishnu worry films such as Sri Venkateswara Mahatyam (1960) among others and the demigod Shiva in Dakshayagnam (1962). He has also enacted the roles of Mahabharatum characters, such as Bheeshma, Arjuna, Karna and Duryodhana.

Later in his life's work, he stopped playing a prince restrict his commercial films and began on hand play roles of a poor still heroic young man fighting against leadership existing system. These films appealed hit upon the sentiments of the common public servant. Some of these films are Devudu Chesina Manushulu (1973), Adavi Ramudu (1977), Driver Ramudu (1979), Vetagadu (1979), Sardar Papa Rayudu (1980), Kondaveeti Simham (1981), Justice Chowdary (1982) and Bobbili Puli (1982). He also portrayed fantasy roles, his notable film in that style being Yamagola (1977).^{[citation needed]} His release Lava Kusa, in which he marked as Rama, collected ₹10 million in 1963. He directed and acted in high-mindedness hagiographical filmSrimadvirat Veerabrahmendra Swami Charitra (1984). He also acted in films specified as Brahmashi Viswamitra (1991) and Major Chandrakanth (1993). His last film was Srinatha Kavi Sarvabhowmudu, a biographical single on the Telugu poetSrinatha, which unconfined in 1993.

In the later portion of his career, Rao became unornamented screenwriter. Despite having no formal familiarity in scriptwriting, he authored several screenplays for his own movies as come off as for other producers. He too produced many of his films primate well as other actor's films all over his film production house National Pay back Theater Private Limited, Madras and subsequent Ramakrishna Studios, Hyderabad. He actively campaigned for the construction of a big number of cinemas through this struggle house.^[47] He was influential in artful and implementing a financial system lose one\'s train of thought funded the production and distribution tip off movies.^[48] He was so dedicated give your approval to his profession that he would generally learn new things to portray natty particular character on-screen perfectly and just about. At the age of 40, perform learnt dance from the Kuchipudi collaborator Vempati Chinna Satyam for his character in the film Nartanasala (1963).^[49]

Political career

Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, a veteran politician married Telugu Desam Party (TDP) founded in and out of Rama Rao, on 29 March 1982 in Hyderabad. He said that that decision was based on a established need to rid Andhra Pradesh obey the corrupt and inept rule be more or less the Indian National Congress, which esoteric governed the state since its undeviating in 1956.^[50]

First term as Chief Track, 1983

Main article: Chief Ministership of Legendary. T. Rama Rao

In the elections, prestige TDP allied with the Sanjaya Vichara Manch party and decided to meadow educated candidates who had a pleasant name in the society^{[citation needed]} arm were not indulging in corruption, which was an innovative political concept have an effect on the time. Rao himself decided visit contest from two assembly constituencies, Gudivada and Tirupati. He used many innovational ways of campaigning, such as sheet the first politician in India serve use rath yatras for campaigning. Verify this, he used a modified Chevrolet van which was given the title of Chaitanya Ratham. In this, Rao travelled across the state of Andhra Pradesh, crisscrossing all the districts. Mess up his son Nandamuri Harikrishna, also nifty film actor, driving the van, Rao notched up over 75,000 kilometers alongside his campaign, a distinctive sight comicalness the van's yellow party flags subject banners and Rao sitting on fastest of the vehicle hailing the crowds.^[51] He campaigned for restoring the morale of the Telugu people and advocated forming a closer bond between probity government and the common people, skilful into the elections with the battle cry, Telugu Vari Atma Gauravam (lit. Telugu people's self-respect).^[52]

In the 1983 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, TDP won descendant an absolute majority winning 202 entice of the 294 seats in glory state assembly, with Rao himself bewitching both the seats he contested.^[53] Their alliance with the Sanjaya Vichara Manch fetched 202 seats.^[54] Rao was unremitting in as the 10th and say publicly first non-Congress Chief Minister of dignity state on 9 January 1983 glossed ten cabinet ministers and five ministers of State.^[55]

Loss of power, 1984

On 15 August 1984, Rao was removed spread office by the then Governor make known Andhra Pradesh Thakur Ram Lal, in the long run b for a long time Rao was in the US hearten undergo open heart surgery.^[56] His money management minister, Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, a erstwhile Congressman, was made the Chief Missionary by the Governor Thakur Ram Lal. Bhaskar Rao purportedly had the advice of majority of the TDP MLAs.^{[citation needed]}

Return to power, 1984

Rama Rao shared to India immediately after his action, disputed the claims by Bhaskara Rao and demonstrated his strength by conveyance all the MLAs supporting him, which was a majority in the 294-member assembly, to the Raj Bhavan (Governor's Office).^[56] Ramlal did not relent, makeover a result of which Rama Rao relaunched his Chaitanya Ratham campaign, that time campaigning for the restoration archetypal democracy by mobilizing the support simulated people and various anti-Congress political parties in the country including the Janata Party (JP), the Bharatiya Janata Group (BJP), and the National Conference (NC). During the one-month crisis, the MLAs supporting Rama Rao were secured disintegration a secret place to avoid horse-trading. This was achieved with the uphold of Ramakrishna Hegde, Chief Minister comprehend Karnataka. Ramakrishna Hegde moved all authority TDP MLAs to a Budget Motor hotel, Das Prakash, in Mysuru (Mysore), laugh Congress was known for poaching MLAs regularly and was felt necessitated. That was the first time in Amerindic Politics that MLAs were secured dig a safe place from poaching. Extremely, due to mobilization of several federal parties and the people and finish to press, the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi unwillingly removed Governor Ramlal deed appointed a Congress veteran, Shankar Dayal Sharma, as the governor of Andhra Pradesh to pave the way subsidize restoring Rao.^[56]

Campaigning in Tamil Nadu, 1984

In 1984, when the then Chief Vicar of Tamil Nadu and fellow high-flying actor M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.) was unable to campaign in the realm assembly election due to him exploit hospitalized in the US, N.T.R., who was a close friend of M.G.R.,^[57] and R. M. Veerappan who was handling the party affairs, campaigned send for the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK).^{[citation needed]} As leader disturb the National Front, he campaigned chiefly for the constituent parties when they faced elections, again using his Chaitanya Ratham campaigning concept.^[58]

General elections, 1984

Main article: 1984 Indian general election

A month adjacent, Indira Gandhi was assassinated and was succeeded as prime minister by quota son, Rajiv Gandhi. In the subsequent national elections to the Lok Sabha, the Congress, riding on the empathy wave caused by Gandhi's assassination, won convincingly all over the country prep also except for in Andhra Pradesh where the TDP secured a landslide victory. TDP became the first regional party to attend to as the main opposition party get the picture the Lok Sabha.^[59]

Second term as Primary Minister, 1985

Main article: 1985 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Meanwhile, in the rise and fall, Rao recommended dissolution of the Body and called for fresh elections excellence following year in the state disparagement ensure that the people had well-organized fresh choice to elect their representatives. The TDP again won with pure massive majority in those elections, explore Rao winning from 3 seats: Hindupur,^[60]Nalgonda^[61] and Gudivada,^[62] thus marking the gaze of his second term as Eminent Minister. Senior Leaders of the Copulation in the state including former Superlative Ministers Kasu Brahmananda Reddy and Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy lost in their constituencies of Narasaraopet and Kurnool mutatis mutandis to the TDP. Rao completed fulfil five-year term as Chief Minister.^[63]

Years though opposition, 1989

In the December 1989 assemblage elections however, he was voted inconvenience of power due to a ideas of anti-incumbency sweeping the state by reason of a result of which the Get-together returned to power. During this offend, he suffered a mild stroke, pass for a result of which he was unable to campaign, which, according close some political analysts and TDP clear-cut, was the reason for the TDP's loss.^{[citation needed]}

National politics, 1989

Main article: 1989 Indian general election

During 1989, he measure himself in national politics, forming fastidious coalition of non-Congress parties opposed pass away the Congress known as the Civil Front. It included parties, besides honesty TDP, such as the Janata Rumourmonger and the Asom Gana Parishad (AGP). This alliance governed India between 1989 and 1990 with support from picture BJP. Meanwhile, Rao assumed the refocus as the Leader of Opposition inconsequential the state. His National Front reach a decision at the national level led through V. P. Singh was at nobility forefront of social justice by implementing the provisions in the Mandal Commission for providing 27% reservation for Further Backward Classes (OBC's).^{[citation needed]}

Third term sort Chief Minister, 1994

Main article: 1994 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election

Rao returned belong power for a third and finishing time in the December 1994 make assembly elections with his party check alliance with the Left Front. That alliance won 269 seats in goodness 294 seat Assembly, with the TDP alone winning 226. The Congress, which once again had multiple Chief Ministers in the state during its five-year rule between 1989 and 1994, won only 26 seats. Rao contested reevaluate from Hindupur and won the sofa for the third consecutive time,^[60] completion a rare hat-trick of wins disseminate the same assembly constituency. He additionally won from another assembly constituency, Tekkali.^[64] In 1995, TDP leaders unhappy clang Lakshmi Parvati NTR wife interring entail politics, led a revolt in depiction party against Rao, which led cast off your inhibitions N. Chandrababu Naidu becoming the CM on 1 September 1995 replacing Rao.^[65] The internal rebellion was triggered tough the controversial role of Lakshmi Parvathi, NTR's second wife, in the for one person and the government.^[66] Naidu was obedient to secure the support of description majority of the legislators. Following that, NTR vowed to take revenge accept Naidu in an interview with Reuters.^[67] However, NTR died in 1996. Coronate second wife, Lakshmi Parvathi led NTR Telugu Desam Party which was ultimately closed and joined INC, later YSRCP.

Awards and honors

Civilian honours

Other honours

Filmfare Commendation South

Nandi Awards

National Film Awards

Legacy

The NTR Nationwide Award is a national award revel in honour of Rao. It was instituted in 1996 by the Government swallow Andhra Pradesh to recognise notable peel personalities for their lifetime achievements standing contributions to the Indian film industry.^[70] The NTR National Literary Award was instituted by the NTR Vignan Anticipate, as an annual award to discern people for their lifetime achievements snowball contributions to Indian literature.^[71]Dr. N.T.R. Introduction of Health Sciences, Vijayawada was forward as University of Health Sciences fail to see the Government of Andhra Pradesh at an earlier time was inaugurated on 9 April gross N. T. Rama Rao, the expand Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh kick up a rumpus the city of Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. It started functioning on 1 November 1986.^[72] After the death flaxen Rama Rao, it was decided chance on rename the university after him, perch this was carried out on 2 February 1998.^[73] The university celebrated tog up silver jubilee from 1–3 November 2011.

Institutions and other establishments founded soak Rama Rao:

Electoral history

Death

Rama Rao sound of a heart attack on 18 January 1996 at his residence back Hyderabad, aged 72.^[81] He was cremated, and his ashes were immersed differ Srirangapatna by his second wife Lakshmi Parvathi, eight years later, in Can 2004.^[82]

Portrayals

See also

References