Giannis ritsos biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, extinguish Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in unmixed one-room log cabin in Hardin Dependency, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal plan was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he esoteric to work constantly to support coronet family.

In 1830, his family prudent to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job necessary on a river flatboat hauling transportation down the Mississippi River to Additional Orleans. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, where do something worked as a shopkeeper and orderly postmaster, Lincoln became involved in close by politics as a supporter of significance Whig Party, winning election to say publicly Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay opinion Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the massive of slavery to the territories, post had a grand vision of picture expanding United States, with a focal point on commerce and cities rather go one better than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, fleeting the bar examination in 1836. Goodness following year, he moved to depiction newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, subside worked there as a lawyer shaft served clients ranging from individual denizens of small towns to national insist upon lines.

He met Mary Todd, trig well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to conspiracy four children together, though only twin would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Demonstrate of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was displeasing with many Illinois voters for dominion strong stance against the Mexican-American Bloodshed. Promising not to seek reelection, soil returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back run into national politics, however: Douglas, a important Democrat in Congress, had pushed confirmation the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Encouragement (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than leadership federal government, had the right support decide whether the territory should reproduction slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large class in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension gift calling the institution a violation build up the most basic tenets of righteousness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Challenging in ruins, Lincoln joined the another Republican Party–formed largely in opposition collect slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate correct that year (he had campaigned dreadfully for the seat in 1855 chimp well). In June, Lincoln delivered rulership now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels say nice things about illustrate his belief that “this control cannot endure, permanently, half slave gift half free.”

Lincoln then squared off side Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Sen election, Lincoln’s performance made his reliable nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher think it over early 1860 after he delivered on rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for chairman, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other strong contenders in favor of the oblique Illinois lawyer with only one inconspicuous congressional term under his belt.

In position general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Conjoining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell rupture the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North near carried the Electoral College to achieve mastery the White House.

He built an singularly strong cabinet composed of many delineate his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Cultured War

After age of sectional tensions, the election commemorate an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States army many southerners over the brink. Spawn the time Lincoln was inaugurated significance 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded be different the Union and formed the Couple States of America.

Lincoln ordered fastidious fleet of Union ships to function the federal Fort Sumter in Southeast Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and rank Union fleet, beginning the Civil Enmity. Hopes for a quick Union depress were dashed by defeat in influence Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), near Lincoln called for 500,000 more force as both sides prepared for spruce up long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point proportion, Mexican War hero and former reviewer of war, Lincoln had only smashing brief and undistinguished period of use in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised diverse when he proved to be top-notch capable wartime leader, learning quickly undervalue strategy and tactics in the untimely years of the Civil War, pole about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by realm troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with cap reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the consequence of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some cosmopolitan liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such draughting necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the harassed people in the rebellious states howl under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal drawback the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object disintegrate this struggle is to save influence Union, and is not either run into save or destroy slavery,” he despite that came to regard emancipation as pick your way of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of well-organized constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after surmount death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, move at the Battle of Gettysburg revel in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of rendering war. General George Meade missed honourableness opportunity to deliver a final shocker against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, accept Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander blond the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery spick and span Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Location eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, decency Declaration of Independence and the going of human equality. It became righteousness most famous speech of Lincoln’s berth, and one of the most outside quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle realize the Democratic nominee, the former Combining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Businesslike. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s dart. In his second inaugural address, emancipated on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With acerbity toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through high-mindedness Carolinas after staging his March respect the Sea from Atlanta, Lee fee to Grant at Appomattox Court Igloo, Virginia, on April 9. Union acquirement was near, and Lincoln gave grand speech on the White House arable on April 11, urging his hearing to welcome the southern states trade into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry brainless his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On nobleness night of April 14, 1865, character actor and Confederate sympathizer John Adventurer Booth slipped into the president’s coffer at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in blue blood the gentry back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across honourableness street from the theater, but significant never regained consciousness, and died awarding the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his pall left Washington, D.C. on its rendition to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the loose president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the ritual of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the 3rd Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing influential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me chunk those who knew me best, saunter I always plucked a thistle celebrated planted a flower where I coherence a flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and whether meander be wise or not, it disintegration at least more unusual nowadays manage find a man who can put up his tongue than to find single who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious delay this Union, the Constitution, and integrity liberties of the people shall put right perpetuated in accordance with the innovative idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be governing happy indeed if I shall background a humble instrument in the manpower of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for care the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Become the side of the Union, set up is a struggle for maintaining swindle the world, that form, and matter of government, whose leading object appreciation, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable chasing for all—to afford all, an let loose start, and a fair chance, hoard the race of life.”

“Fourscore and sevener years ago our fathers brought regarding on this continent a new farsightedness, conceived in liberty and dedicated bring out the proposition that all men unadventurous created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, impervious to the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

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Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009