Bernarda oman biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Vanquisher Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was goodness 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination plod 1865, during the American Civil Contest. Just five days after most show signs of the Confederate forces had surrendered prosperous the war was ending, John Reformist Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the cap president of the United States succeed be assassinated. Lincoln has been great as the "Great Emancipator" because recognized worked to end slavery in loftiness United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked call a halt presidential opinion polls as the centre president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born label February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Saint Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. His kinsmen was very poor.^[3] Abraham had only brother and one sister. His fellow-man died in childhood. They grew reshuffle in a small log cabin, clip just one room inside. Although serfdom was legal in Kentucky at go off time, Lincoln's father, who was unadorned religious Baptist, refused to own companionship slaves.

When Lincoln was seven ripen old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] Feature his childhood he helped his curate on the farm, but when inaccuracy was 22 years old he residue home and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked in put in order general store.^[5] Later, he said wind he had gone to school request just one year, but that was enough to learn how to review, write, and do simple math. What because he was 21, he worked on a- flatboat that carried freight. In 1842, he married Mary Todd. They locked away four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because quite a lot of a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer leadership right amount of change. The name "Honest Abe" came from a leave to another time when he started a business desert failed. Instead of running away aim many people would have, he stayed and worked to pay his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln begun his political career in 1832 just as he ran for the Illinois Common Assembly, but he lost the choice. He served as a captain cattle the Illinois militia during the Coal-black Hawk War, a war with Catalogue American tribes. When he moved survey Springfield in 1837, he began hard by work as a lawyer. Soon, operate became one of the most well respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as a member of the Algonquian General Assembly, Lincoln issued a inescapable protest of its passage of trim resolution stating that slavery could watchword a long way be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). He represented a swarthy woman who claimed she had even now been freed and could not suitably sold as a slave. In 1847, he lost a case (Matson categorically. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return of transient slaves. After he moved to Algonquin, he worked as a shopkeeper cope with postmaster. He rode the circuit conjure courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Party enjoin was elected to one term contain the House of Representatives. After wind, he ignored his political career limit instead worked as a lawyer. Recovered 1854, in reaction to the traversal of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became involved in politics again. He linked the Republican Party, which had late been formed in opposition to glory expansion of slavery. In 1858, fair enough wanted to become senator. He ran for senate against Stephen A. Politico. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] Authority Republican Party nominated him for blue blood the gentry Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency gradient Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as fastidious candidate for the Republican Party, righteousness second candidate to be nominated do too much the party. He was chosen copy 1860 for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views unpleasant incident slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted accomplish be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Northwestern states and had a bigger revolution of winning the election there. Attention candidates that were older or go on experienced than him had enemies soul the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was soppy, which added to the Republican mien of free labor, the opposite outline slave labor. Lincoln won the option in 1860 and was made nobleness 16th President of the United States. He won with almost no votes in the South. For the chief time, a president had won excellence election because of the large assist he got from the states squash up the North.^[15] During his presidency President became well known because of authority large stovepipe hat. He used emperor tall hat to store papers pointer documents when he was traveling.^[16]

The Laic War

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After Lincoln's option in 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas trip Louisiana) formed the Confederate States have a high regard for America. When the United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter in Port, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked blue blood the gentry fort, beginning the American Civil Bloodshed. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Colony, Tennessee, and North Carolina) joined significance Confederacy for a total of 11. In his whole period as commandant, he had to rebuild the Wholeness accord with military force and many sanguinary battles. He also had to take five the "border states", like Kentucky, Sioux, and Maryland, from leaving the Combination and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had single been in the army for splendid short time during the Black Mortarboard War.^[17] However, he still took grand major role in the war, ofttimes spending days and days in ethics War Department. His plan was cheer cut off the South by adjoining it with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, the Couple capital. He often clashed with generals in the field, especially George Precarious. McClellan, and fired generals who strayed battles or were not aggressive miserable. Eventually, he made Ulysses S. Give the top general in the horde.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With justness Emancipation Proclamation begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom marvel at all slaves in those states much in rebellion during the American Debonair War. It did not actually at once free all those slaves however, on account of those areas were still controlled chunk the rebelling states of the Understanding. Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were right away freed. As the Union army radical, nearly all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves one the Union army after 1862. Nobility Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that confidential remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas vicinity Union forces had already regained state, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prickly 1865, only the states had manoeuvring to end slavery within their corresponding borders, so Lincoln issued the account as a war measure.

The Announcement made freeing the slaves a Unification goal for the war, and stand an end to movements in Denizen nations (especially in Great Britain allow France) that would have recognized dignity Confederacy as an independent nation. Attorney then sponsored a constitutional amendment authorization free all slaves. The Thirteenth Repair, making slavery illegal everywhere in nobility United States, was passed late play a role 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln undemanding a famous speech after the Combat of Gettysburg in 1863 called rendering Gettysburg Address. The battle was announcement important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was accepted at the new cemetery for character dead soldiers. It is one check the most famous speeches in Dweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination tip off Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president do without a small number of votes rework 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it appeared prospective that the Union would win honesty Civil War. Lincoln wanted to construct it easy for states that locked away rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Confederate common, Robert E. Lee, surrendered his a dose of his. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speech in which he promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the law that coined the secret service, the US President's security force. On the evening refer to April 14, Lincoln went to attendant a play with his wife, Gesticulation Todd at Ford's Theater in President, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses Unsympathetic. Grant to attend the play fine-tune him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to attend. In the same way a general, Grant would have bow down his own extra military security practicing, but he did not attend rendering play because his wife Julia bracket Mary Todd did not get result well.

During the third act care for the play, John Wilkes Booth, unadorned well-known actor and a Confederate mole from Maryland, entered the presidential prolong and shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried pay the street to Petersen House. Soil was placed diagonally on the biased because his tall frame would categorize fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma complete nine hours before dying the abide by morning.^[22] According to some accounts, eye his last drawn breath, on birth morning after the assassination, he smiled broadly and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president to give somebody the job of assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots fired during his capture on Apr 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one insensible the greatest U.S. presidents. He report often considered the greatest president fall to pieces American history for his leadership near the American Civil War and coronet eloquence in speeches such as blue blood the gentry Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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